The Transantarctic Mountains are a major mountain range in Antarctica, stretching over 3,500 kilometers (2,200 miles) from the Ross Sea to the Weddell Sea. This range divides East Antarctica from West Antarctica and features some of the highest peaks on the continent, including Mount Vinson, which is the tallest. These mountains are primarily composed of ancient rock formations and are covered by glaciers. The harsh climate and extreme conditions make them one of the most remote and least explored regions on Earth, providing a unique environment for scientific research related to geology and climate change.