Transaminases, also known as aminotransferases, are enzymes that play a crucial role in amino acid metabolism. They facilitate the transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to a keto acid, which is essential for the synthesis and breakdown of proteins in the body. Common types of transaminases include alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), which are primarily found in the liver and heart. These enzymes are often measured in blood tests to assess liver function and overall health. Elevated levels of transaminases can indicate liver damage or disease, such as hepatitis or fatty liver disease. Monitoring these enzyme levels helps healthcare providers diagnose and manage various medical conditions effectively.