Traffic flow optimization refers to the strategies and techniques used to improve the movement of vehicles on roads. By analyzing patterns and using tools like traffic signals, road designs, and real-time data, cities can reduce congestion and enhance travel times. This helps ensure that drivers spend less time stuck in traffic and more time reaching their destinations efficiently. One common method of traffic flow optimization is the implementation of smart traffic lights. These lights adjust their timing based on current traffic conditions, allowing for smoother transitions and reducing wait times. Additionally, public transportation systems can be improved to encourage more people to use them, further alleviating road congestion.