J.R.R. Tolkien was an English writer, philologist, and academic, best known for his high-fantasy works. His most famous books, The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, have captivated readers with their rich storytelling and intricate world-building. Tolkien created the fictional world of Middle-earth, complete with its own languages, cultures, and histories. Born on January 3, 1892, in South Africa, Tolkien later moved to England, where he developed a passion for languages and literature. He served in World War I and became a professor at the University of Oxford. His works have had a lasting impact on the fantasy genre and inspired countless adaptations in film and literature.