The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the front of the neck, just below the Adam's apple. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism by producing hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones help control how the body uses energy, affecting various functions such as heart rate, weight, and temperature. The thyroid is regulated by the pituitary gland, which releases thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to signal the thyroid to produce its hormones. Proper thyroid function is essential for overall health, and imbalances can lead to conditions like hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.