Thrust generation is the process of producing force that propels an object forward. In aviation, this is primarily achieved through engines, which convert fuel into energy. The engines create a high-speed exhaust that pushes against the surrounding air, resulting in forward motion. This principle is based on Newton's third law of motion: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In spacecraft, thrust generation is accomplished using rocket engines that expel gas at high velocity. These engines can operate in the vacuum of space, where traditional air-breathing engines like those found in airplanes cannot. The efficiency and effectiveness of thrust generation are crucial for achieving desired speeds and trajectories in both aerospace and space exploration.