Thrust bearings are specialized mechanical components designed to support axial loads, which are forces that act parallel to the shaft. They help reduce friction between moving parts, allowing for smoother operation in machines like motors and gearboxes. Thrust bearings come in various types, including ball bearings and roller bearings, each suited for different applications. These bearings are crucial in applications where heavy loads are present, such as in automotive and industrial machinery. By effectively managing the axial forces, thrust bearings enhance the longevity and performance of equipment, ensuring reliable operation in demanding environments.