The "Three-Fifths Compromise" was an agreement reached during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention. It determined how enslaved individuals would be counted for representation and taxation purposes. Under this compromise, each enslaved person would be counted as three-fifths of a person, which affected the distribution of congressional seats among the states. This compromise was significant because it allowed southern states to have greater representation in Congress while also acknowledging the existence of slavery. The Constitution ultimately included this provision, reflecting the contentious debates over slavery and representation that shaped early American politics.