Threading is a programming technique that allows multiple sequences of instructions, known as threads, to run concurrently within a single process. This enables efficient use of resources, as threads can share data and memory space, making it easier to perform tasks simultaneously. For example, a web browser can load multiple web pages at once by using threading. In operating systems, threading helps improve performance and responsiveness. When one thread is waiting for input or a resource, other threads can continue executing. This is particularly useful in applications like video games or real-time data processing, where quick responses are essential for a smooth user experience.