Thorium-232 is a naturally occurring isotope of the element thorium, which is a silvery-white metal found in small amounts in rocks and soils. It has a long half-life of about 14 billion years, making it stable and non-radioactive in terms of immediate health risks. Thorium-232 is primarily used in nuclear reactors and has potential as a fuel source due to its ability to be converted into uranium-233, which can sustain nuclear fission. In addition to its use in nuclear energy, thorium-232 is also being researched for its potential in reducing nuclear waste and improving safety in nuclear power generation. Unlike traditional nuclear fuels, thorium-232 produces less long-lived radioactive waste, making it an attractive option for future energy solutions.