The Thomson Model, proposed by physicist J.J. Thomson in 1897, describes the structure of an atom as a uniform sphere of positive charge with negatively charged electrons embedded within it. This model is often referred to as the "plum pudding model" because it likens the atom to a pudding with raisins, where the pudding represents the positive charge and the raisins represent the electrons. Although the Thomson Model was a significant advancement in atomic theory, it was later replaced by the Rutherford Model after Ernest Rutherford's gold foil experiment revealed that atoms have a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons, leading to a more accurate understanding of atomic structure.