A thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is a device that uses the Peltier effect to create a temperature difference between its two sides. When an electric current passes through the cooler, one side absorbs heat and becomes cold, while the other side releases heat and becomes warm. This makes TECs useful for applications like cooling electronic components or small refrigeration systems. These coolers are compact, lightweight, and have no moving parts, which makes them reliable and low-maintenance. They are commonly used in portable coolers, wine chillers, and even in some computer cooling systems to manage heat effectively.