Thermal technologies refer to methods and systems that manage heat energy for various applications. These technologies can be used for heating, cooling, and energy generation. Common examples include solar thermal systems, which capture sunlight to produce heat, and geothermal energy, which utilizes heat from the Earth’s interior. In industrial settings, thermal technologies are essential for processes like manufacturing and food processing. They help improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Additionally, advancements in thermal management are crucial for electronics, ensuring devices operate safely and effectively by dissipating excess heat.