Thermal spraying is a coating process that involves applying molten or semi-molten materials onto a surface to create a protective layer. This technique is commonly used to enhance the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and thermal insulation of various substrates, including metals and ceramics. The materials used can include metals, alloys, and ceramics, which are heated and then sprayed onto the target surface. The thermal spraying process can be performed using different methods, such as plasma spraying, flame spraying, and high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying. Each method has its own advantages and is chosen based on the specific requirements of the application. Thermal spraying is widely used in industries like aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing to improve the longevity and performance of components.