Thermal spray is a coating process that involves the application of molten or semi-molten materials onto a surface to create a protective layer. This technique is commonly used to enhance the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and thermal insulation of various components. The materials used can include metals, ceramics, and polymers, which are heated and then sprayed onto the target surface. The thermal spray process can be performed using different methods, such as plasma spraying, flame spraying, and high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying. Each method has its own advantages and is chosen based on the specific requirements of the application. This technology is widely utilized in industries like aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing.