Thermal refers to anything related to heat or temperature. It encompasses various concepts in physics and engineering, such as thermal energy, which is the energy that comes from the temperature of matter. Understanding thermal dynamics is crucial in fields like thermodynamics and heat transfer, where the movement of heat is studied and applied in real-world scenarios. In practical applications, thermal properties are essential for designing efficient systems, such as insulation in buildings or heat exchangers in industrial processes. By managing thermal energy effectively, we can improve energy efficiency and reduce waste, making thermal science a vital area of study in today's world.