The Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a management philosophy that focuses on identifying and addressing the most significant limiting factor, or constraint, that hinders an organization from achieving its goals. By systematically improving this constraint, organizations can enhance their overall performance and productivity. TOC emphasizes that every system has at least one constraint that must be managed to optimize the entire process. TOC involves a five-step process: identifying the constraint, exploiting it to maximize its output, subordinating other processes to support the constraint, elevating the constraint to increase capacity, and finally, repeating the cycle. This approach helps organizations streamline operations and improve efficiency, ultimately leading to better results and increased profitability.