The Senate is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress, the other being the House of Representatives. It is responsible for making federal laws, approving treaties, and confirming presidential appointments. Each state is represented by two senators, regardless of its population, totaling 100 senators. Senators serve six-year terms, with approximately one-third of the Senate up for election every two years. This structure helps ensure stability and continuity in the legislative process. The Vice President of the United States serves as the President of the Senate, casting tie-breaking votes when necessary.