"The Provincial Letters" is a series of eighteen letters written by Blaise Pascal in 1656-1657. These letters critique the Jesuit moral theology and defend the Jansenist perspective, which emphasizes grace and predestination. Pascal uses wit and satire to highlight the contradictions and perceived hypocrisy within Jesuit teachings. The letters were published anonymously and quickly gained popularity, sparking significant debate in France. They played a crucial role in the religious conflicts of the time, particularly between the Catholic Church and the Jansenists. Today, "The Provincial Letters" is regarded as a classic work of French literature and philosophy.