"The People of the Cave" is a story from the book "The Republic" by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato. It describes a group of people who have lived their entire lives in a dark cave, chained in such a way that they can only see the wall in front of them. They perceive shadows cast by objects behind them, believing these shadows to be the only reality. One day, a prisoner escapes and discovers the outside world, experiencing sunlight and the true forms of objects. Upon returning to the cave, he tries to enlighten the others, but they resist and prefer the familiar shadows, illustrating the struggle between ignorance and knowledge.