"The Logic of Scientific Discovery" is a foundational work by Karl Popper that outlines his philosophy of science. Popper argues that scientific theories should be testable and falsifiable, meaning they can be proven wrong through observation and experimentation. This approach contrasts with the idea that theories can be confirmed through accumulating evidence. In the book, Popper emphasizes the importance of skepticism in science. He believes that rather than seeking to confirm hypotheses, scientists should actively seek to disprove them. This method encourages rigorous testing and critical thinking, ultimately leading to a more robust understanding of the natural world.