The Knights Templar were a medieval Christian military order founded around 1119. Their primary mission was to protect pilgrims traveling to the Holy Land during the Crusades. The order gained significant wealth and power, establishing a network of fortifications and banking systems across Europe and the Middle East. The Templars were easily recognized by their distinctive white mantles adorned with a red cross. They played a crucial role in various battles and were known for their discipline and bravery. However, by the early 14th century, the order faced persecution, leading to its dissolution by Pope Clement V in 1312.