"The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money" is a foundational work by John Maynard Keynes, published in 1936. In this book, Keynes argues that total spending in an economy, known as aggregate demand, is the primary driver of economic activity and employment levels. He challenges classical economic theories that suggest markets are always self-correcting and emphasizes the role of government intervention in stabilizing the economy during downturns. Keynes introduces concepts such as the liquidity preference theory, which explains how interest rates are determined by the supply and demand for money. He advocates for active fiscal policies, including government spending and tax adjustments, to manage economic fluctuations and reduce unemployment, especially during recessions.