"The Decline of Western Civilization" refers to a series of documentaries directed by Penelope Spheeris that explore the punk rock scene in Los Angeles during the late 1970s and early 1980s. The films capture the raw energy and cultural shifts of the time, showcasing various bands, artists, and the underground lifestyle that defined the era. The series highlights the social issues and disillusionment faced by youth, reflecting broader themes of rebellion and identity. It serves as a historical document, illustrating the impact of music and culture on society while also addressing the challenges of urban decay and economic hardship.