Texture synthesis is a process in computer graphics that generates new textures based on a sample texture. It involves analyzing the patterns and colors in the sample to create a larger, seamless texture that maintains the same visual characteristics. This technique is widely used in video games and movies to create realistic surfaces without the need for extensive manual painting. The methods for texture synthesis can vary, but they often include algorithms that replicate the statistical properties of the sample. Techniques like patch-based synthesis and Markov random fields are commonly employed to ensure that the generated texture looks natural and cohesive.