A text box is a graphical user interface element that allows users to input or display text. It is commonly used in software applications, websites, and forms to collect information from users, such as names, addresses, or comments. Text boxes can vary in size and style, and they often include features like placeholder text to guide users on what to enter. In programming, text boxes are often created using languages like HTML for web development or Java for desktop applications. They can be customized with different properties, such as font size, color, and border style, to enhance user experience and interface design.