Terrain generation is the process of creating landscapes in digital environments, often used in video games and simulations. This technique involves algorithms that define the shape, elevation, and features of the land, such as mountains, valleys, and rivers. By using mathematical functions and noise patterns, developers can produce realistic and varied terrains. There are different methods for terrain generation, including Perlin noise and Simplex noise, which help create natural-looking landscapes. Additionally, tools like procedural generation allow for the automatic creation of vast worlds, enabling players to explore unique environments without the need for manual design.