The Templar Knights, officially known as the Order of the Knights Templar, were a medieval Christian military order founded around 1119. Their primary mission was to protect pilgrims traveling to the Holy Land during the Crusades. The Templars became known for their distinctive white mantles adorned with a red cross and gained significant wealth and power throughout Europe. As skilled warriors, the Templars played a crucial role in various battles during the Crusades. They established a network of fortifications and banking systems, which contributed to their influence. However, by the early 14th century, the order faced persecution, leading to its dissolution by Pope Clement V in 1312.