Tautomers
Tautomers are isomers of a compound that can readily interconvert by the movement of a proton and the rearrangement of bonds. This process often involves the shifting of a hydrogen atom and a double bond, resulting in different structural forms. Tautomerism is commonly observed in organic compounds, particularly in ketones and aldehydes.
One well-known example of tautomerism is the interconversion between keto and enol forms of a compound. In this case, the keto form has a carbonyl group (C=O), while the enol form features a hydroxyl group (–OH) attached to a carbon-carbon double bond. This dynamic equilibrium can significantly influence the chemical properties and reactivity of the compounds involved.