TRPM8 is a protein that functions as a receptor in the body, primarily found in sensory neurons. It is known as a cold and menthol receptor, meaning it helps detect cold temperatures and the cooling sensation from substances like menthol. This receptor plays a crucial role in how we perceive temperature and can influence pain sensation. When activated by cold or menthol, TRPM8 opens up channels that allow ions to flow into the cell, leading to the generation of electrical signals. These signals are then transmitted to the brain, where they are interpreted as a cooling sensation. TRPM8 is also being studied for its potential role in pain management and other sensory disorders.