TLR5 is a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is part of the Toll-like receptor family, which helps the body recognize pathogens like bacteria and viruses. TLR5 specifically detects flagellin, a protein found in the tails of motile bacteria, triggering an immune response to fight off infections. When TLR5 binds to flagellin, it activates signaling pathways that lead to the production of inflammatory cytokines. This process enhances the body's ability to respond to infections and helps in the development of adaptive immunity. Understanding TLR5 can aid in developing vaccines and therapies for various diseases.