A synchronous circuit is a type of digital circuit that operates using a clock signal to coordinate the timing of its operations. In these circuits, all changes in the state of the circuit elements occur in sync with the clock pulses, ensuring that data is processed in a predictable manner. This synchronization helps maintain the integrity of data as it moves through the circuit. The main components of a synchronous circuit include flip-flops, which store data, and combinational logic, which processes the data. The clock signal, often generated by an oscillator, dictates when the flip-flops update their values, making synchronous circuits reliable for applications like computers and communication systems.