Superelasticity is a phenomenon observed in certain materials, particularly in shape memory alloys like Nitinol. These materials can undergo significant deformation and return to their original shape when heated above a specific temperature. This unique property allows them to absorb and release energy efficiently, making them useful in various applications, including medical devices and robotics. The superelastic effect occurs due to a reversible phase transformation within the material's crystal structure. When stress is applied, the material transforms into a different phase, allowing it to stretch or compress. Once the stress is removed, the material reverts to its original phase, demonstrating remarkable resilience and flexibility.