Supercomputing refers to the use of powerful computers, known as supercomputers, to perform complex calculations at extremely high speeds. These machines are designed to handle vast amounts of data and execute millions of tasks simultaneously, making them essential for scientific research, weather forecasting, and simulations in various fields such as physics and biomedicine. Supercomputers are often used by government agencies, universities, and large corporations to solve problems that require immense computational power. They can model climate change, simulate nuclear reactions, and analyze genetic data, helping researchers make breakthroughs that would be impossible with standard computers.