The Sultans of the Ottoman Empire were the rulers of a vast and powerful state that lasted from the late 13th century until the early 20th century. They held absolute power and were considered both political and religious leaders, often referred to as the Caliph in the Islamic world. The empire expanded significantly under their rule, reaching its peak in the 16th and 17th centuries. Each Sultan was part of the Osmanlı dynasty, founded by Osman I. The Sultans were known for their contributions to art, architecture, and culture, with notable figures like Suleiman the Magnificent leading reforms and military campaigns. The empire eventually declined, leading to its dissolution after World War I.