The Sultanate of Rum was a medieval Turkish state that existed from the late 11th century until the 13th century in Anatolia, present-day Turkey. It was established by the Seljuk Turks after their victory at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, which opened the region to Turkish settlement. The capital was initially in Nicaea and later moved to Konya. The sultanate played a crucial role in the cultural and political landscape of the region, serving as a bridge between the Islamic and Byzantine worlds. It fostered trade, art, and architecture, contributing to the rich heritage of Anatolia before its decline due to the Mongol invasions in the 13th century.