Sultan Hamengkubuwono is the title held by the rulers of the Yogyakarta Sultanate in Indonesia. The current sultan, Hamengkubuwono X, has been in power since 1989 and plays a significant role in both cultural and political affairs in the region. The sultanate is known for its rich traditions, arts, and historical significance in Javanese culture. The Yogyakarta Sultanate was established in the 18th century and is recognized for its unique blend of Islamic and Javanese customs. The sultanate also holds a special status within the Indonesian government, allowing the sultan to maintain influence over local governance and cultural preservation.