The Sugar Act of 1764 was a law passed by the British Parliament aimed at reducing the smuggling of sugar and molasses in the American colonies. It imposed a tax on these goods and strengthened enforcement against smuggling, which was a significant issue at the time. The act was part of Britain's efforts to raise revenue after the costly French and Indian War. Colonists reacted negatively to the Sugar Act, viewing it as an infringement on their rights and an example of taxation without representation. This discontent contributed to growing tensions between the colonies and Britain, eventually leading to the American Revolution.