Suffering in literature often serves as a central theme that explores the human condition. It can manifest through characters facing physical pain, emotional turmoil, or existential crises. Authors use suffering to evoke empathy, highlight social injustices, or illustrate personal growth, making it a powerful tool for storytelling. Many literary works, such as Frankenstein by Mary Shelley or The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck, depict suffering to reflect broader societal issues. This theme allows readers to connect with characters on a deeper level, prompting reflection on their own experiences and the complexities of life.