Subnational governance refers to the systems and processes of governing at levels below the national government, such as states, provinces, regions, or municipalities. It involves local authorities and institutions that manage public services, implement policies, and address community needs. This governance structure allows for tailored solutions that reflect the unique characteristics and priorities of specific areas. Effective subnational governance can enhance citizen participation and accountability, as local leaders are often more accessible to their communities. It also plays a crucial role in economic development, resource management, and social services, contributing to the overall stability and growth of a nation.