Structural components are the essential parts that make up a building or structure. These include elements like beams, columns, walls, and foundations, which work together to support loads and ensure stability. Each component plays a specific role in distributing weight and resisting forces such as gravity, wind, and earthquakes. In engineering, understanding structural components is crucial for designing safe and efficient buildings. For example, steel beams are often used for their strength, while concrete provides durability. Properly integrating these components helps architects and engineers create structures that can withstand various environmental conditions and meet safety standards.