Streptococcus thermophilus is a type of bacteria commonly used in the production of yogurt and other fermented dairy products. It is a thermophilic organism, meaning it thrives at higher temperatures, typically around 42-45°C (107-113°F). This bacterium helps in the fermentation process by converting lactose, the sugar found in milk, into lactic acid, which gives yogurt its tangy flavor and thick texture. In addition to its role in food production, Streptococcus thermophilus is considered a probiotic, which means it may provide health benefits when consumed. It can help improve gut health by balancing the intestinal microbiota and may enhance lactose digestion for those who are lactose intolerant.