Stratification refers to the arrangement of different layers or levels within a system, often seen in social, economic, or geological contexts. In sociology, it describes how society is divided into hierarchical layers based on factors like wealth, power, and prestige. This division can affect individuals' access to resources and opportunities. In geology, stratification involves the layering of sedimentary rocks, where each layer represents a specific period in Earth's history. These layers can provide valuable information about past environments and the processes that shaped the planet, helping scientists understand the evolution of Earth over time.