Statically typed languages are programming languages that require variable types to be defined at compile time. This means that the type of a variable, such as integer, string, or boolean, must be specified before the code is executed. This helps catch type-related errors early in the development process, making the code more reliable and easier to maintain. Examples of statically typed languages include Java, C++, and Go. In these languages, once a variable is declared with a specific type, it cannot be changed to another type later in the program. This strict type enforcement can lead to better performance and clearer code.