Stanley Ann Dunham was an American anthropologist and the mother of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. Born on November 29, 1942, in Wichita, Kansas, she spent much of her early life in Hawaii. Dunham earned her degree from the University of Hawaii and later obtained a Ph.D. in anthropology. Dunham's work focused on rural development and women's rights, particularly in Indonesia, where she conducted extensive research. She was known for her commitment to social justice and her efforts to improve the lives of marginalized communities. Dunham passed away on November 7, 1995.