Standard programming languages are formal languages used to communicate instructions to a computer. They provide a set of rules and syntax that programmers follow to write code, enabling the development of software applications. Examples of standard programming languages include Python, Java, and C++, each with its own unique features and use cases. These languages are standardized to ensure consistency and compatibility across different systems and platforms. Standardization helps developers collaborate more effectively and allows for easier maintenance and updates of software. By adhering to these standards, programmers can create reliable and efficient code that can be understood by others in the field.