Staining methods are techniques used in microscopy to enhance the visibility of structures within biological samples. These methods involve applying specific dyes or stains that bind to particular components, such as cell membranes, nuclei, or proteins, allowing researchers to observe and differentiate various cellular structures under a microscope. There are several types of staining methods, including Gram staining, which classifies bacteria into two groups based on their cell wall composition, and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, commonly used in histology to highlight tissue architecture. Each method serves a unique purpose, aiding in the analysis and diagnosis of biological specimens.