The square function is a mathematical function that takes a number and multiplies it by itself. It is often written as f(x) = x^2 , where x is the input value. For example, if you input 3, the output will be 3^2 = 9 . This function is commonly used in various fields, including algebra, geometry, and physics. The graph of the square function is a U-shaped curve called a parabola. It opens upwards and has its lowest point, or vertex, at the origin (0,0). The square function is symmetric about the y-axis, meaning that for every positive input, there is a corresponding negative input that produces the same output. This property makes it useful in solving equations and understanding quadratic relationships.