The Springfield Model 1873 is a single-shot rifle that was adopted by the United States Army in 1873. It was designed to fire the .45-70 Government cartridge, which provided significant stopping power. The rifle features a breech-loading mechanism, allowing for quicker reloading compared to earlier muzzle-loading firearms. This model is often referred to as the "Trapdoor Springfield" due to its unique trapdoor mechanism for loading cartridges. The Springfield Model 1873 played a crucial role in various military conflicts, including the Indian Wars, and is recognized for its historical significance in American military history.