Springfield, Illinois, is the state capital and is located in the central part of the state. It is known for its rich history, particularly as the home of Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States. The city features several historical sites, including the Lincoln Home National Historic Site and the Illinois State Capitol. Founded in 1821, Springfield has a population of around 115,000 residents. The city serves as a political and economic hub, with various government offices and institutions. Springfield also hosts the annual Illinois State Fair, attracting visitors from across the state and beyond.